BSC 1085 Human Anatomy and Physiology Exam 1
1. Which of the following body systems is made up of the heart and blood vessels
A. muscular system
B. skeletal system
C. cardiovascular system
D. integumentary system
2. Anterior is the same as
A. cranial
B. dorsal
C. ventral
D. superior
3. Which of the following correctly lists levels of organization from smallest to largest?
A. chemical level, cellular level, organ level, tissue level, organism level
B. cellular level, organ level, tissue level, organism level, chemical level
C. cellular level, chemical level, organ level, tissue level, organism level
D. chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, organism level
4. The word “Anatomy” literally translated means______.
A. form
B. cut apart
C. natural process
D. flesh
5. A good hypothesis is______.
A. a random guess
B. falsifiable
C. true
D. false.
6. All of the following are true of experimental design except,
A. there should be sufficient sample size to prevent results be skewed by a chance event
B. the control and treatment group should be similar in every way except for the variable being tested.
C. the placebo is used to control for sample size variation
D. experimenter bias can be prevented using a double-blind study
7. Based on the definition of evolution discussed in class, which of the following would be an example of evolution?
A. antibiotic resistance
B. new strains of the aids virus (HIV)
C. emergence of new species
D. all of the above
8. Which of the following statements is not true regarding the abdominopelvic regions
A. the hypochondriac regions are lateral to the epigastric region
B. the epigastric region is superior to the umbilical region
C. the hypogastric region is medial to the inguinal regions
D. the hypochondriac regions are inferior to the lumbar regions
E. more than one of the above
9. Which of the following planes separates a human into left and right portions?
A. frontal
B. coronal
C. sagittal
D. more than one of the above
10. Which of the following statements is not true regarding the processes involved in homeostasis?
A. the involvement of oxytocin in childbirth is an example of positive feedback
B. regulatory mechanisms include a receptor, a control center and an effector
C. temperature regulation is a good example of negative feedback
D. negative feedback occurs when the initial stimulus produces a response that exaggerates or enhances its effects.
E. more than one of the above
11. Which of the following statements is not true of surface area?
A. several small cells have a less surface area than one large cell of an equal volume
B. increasing the proportion of surface area allows for greater exchange of gases, nutrients and heat in the body
C. given two people of the same weight, the person with longer extremities and a thin body shape would have greater surface area than a person with short extremities and a round body shape
D. curling up into a ball will reduce exposed surface area of your body
E. none of the above
12. The scientific method includes all of the following steps except,
A. Make an observation
B. Form a hypothesis
C. Test the hypothesis
D. Repeat the experiment
E. Accept results as absolute truth
13. Which of the following is not true regarding Hydrogen?
A. Hydrogen can accept two electrons to fill its outer shell
B. Hydrogen’s outer shell can hold 2 electrons
C. Hydrogen contains 1 proton and 1 electron
D. Without its electron, hydrogen is just a proton (H+)
E. more than one of the above
14. Which of the following is not true of the process where a molecule of glucose and a molecule of fructose are linked together?
A. it is a dehydration synthesis
B. it is a decomposition
C. it is anabolism
D. the products include a disaccharide and water
15. Which of the following statements is not true regarding an ionic bond formed between Na and Cl?
A. the two atoms form a salt
B. Na and Cl become opposite in charge
C. Na and Cl share a pair of electrons in their outer shells
D. Na atom donates an electron to the Cl
16. Which of the following is not true regarding covalent bonds?
A. a covalent bond between hydrogen atoms may be represented as either H-H or H2
B. a single covalent bond involves sharing of a pair of electrons between two atoms.
C. sharing of the electrons may be unequal resulting in polar molecules
D. covalent bonds are relatively weak bonds as compared to ionic and hydrogen bonds
17. Which of the following is not true of hydrogen bonds?
A. they exist because the partial positive charge of one water molecule is attracted to the partial negative charge of another water molecule
B. they give water special properties such as surface tension and adhesion
C. they exist because the electrons are shared between the H of one water molecule and the O of a different water molecule
D. they are relatively weak bonds
18. Complete the following reaction. Which of the following is not true?
HCl + NaOH ®?
A. The products are hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide
B. Salt and water are formed from the reaction
C. It is a neutralization reaction
D. It is an exchange reaction
19. Which of the following can be formed from dehydration synthesis?
A. proteins
B. triglycerides
C. disaccharides
D. polysaccharides
E. all of the above
20. Look at the reaction below. Which of the following statements about the reaction is not true?
CO2 + H2O ®H2CO3 «H+ + HCO3-
A. H2CO3 is carbonic acid
B. the dissociation of H2CO3 into bicarbonate ion and proton is reversible
C. H2CO3 is an example of a strong acid
D. in the human body, if there is a low pH, the equation will NOT dissociate (move to right).
Matching- For questions 21-25, select from the following list and refer to the handout:
A. lipid B. amino acid C. carbohydrate D. nitrogenous base of nucleic acid
26. Which of the following nucleotides has the most energy stored in phosphate bonds?
A. AMP
B. ADP
C. ATP
D. all contain the same energy
27. Which of the following is not true regarding the cell membrane?
A. it consists of a phospholipid bilayer
B. it is a freely permeable membrane
C. it can merge with intracellular membranous vesicles
D. it isolates the intracellular materials from the extracellular environment
E. none of the above
28. Which of the following is/are found in the cell membrane?
A. transport proteins
B. phospholipids
C. structural proteins
D. receptors
E. all of the above
29. Proteins can have which of the following functions?
A. provide structural support for tissues
B. act as catalysts
C. act as transporters
D. act as hormones
E. all of the above
30. Which of the following factors contribute to diffusion rates?
A. electrical forces
B. gradient size
C. molecule size
D. temperature
E. all of the above
31. The net diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane that is freely permeable to water but not to solutes is called___________.
A. active transport
B. facilitated diffusion
C. osmosis
D. ionic diffusion
32. If a cell is placed in a solution of pure water, the solution is _______ and the movement of water will be _________.
A. hypotonic, out of the cell
B. hypertonic, out of the cell
C. hypotonic, into the cell
D. hypertonic, into the cell
33. refer to handout
|
Fatty acid 2 |
|
Fatty acid 3 |
|
Fatty acid 1 |
In the triglyceride shown above, the major difference between fatty acid 3 and the other two is that,
A. fatty acid 3 is saturated
B. fatty acids 1 and 2 are saturated
C. fatty acid 3 is a lipid
D. fatty acids 1 and 2 have double bonds between carbon atoms
34. Why do cells need to replicate their DNA?
A. so daughter cells contain the same genetic material
B. to regulate the activities within the cell
C. to synthesize protein within the cell
D. because it is secreted into the blood
35. Which of the following is the correct order of the cell life cycle?
A. interphase, prophase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase
B. interphase. prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
C. interphase, telophase, anaphase, prophase
D. anaphase, prophase, interphase, telophase, metaphase
36. The process whereby mRNA is synthesized from template DNA is called,
A. transcription
B. translation
C. transversion
D. transmutation
37. Which of the following is the most plausible order in which organelles would be encountered by a newly-synthesized protein.
A. ribosome, golgi, secretory vesicle, ER, transport vesicle
B. ER, ribosome, golgi, transport vesicle, secretory vesicle
C. ribosome, ER, transport vesicle, golgi, secretory veiscle
D. golgi, ER, ribosome, secretory vesicle, transport vesicle
38. Which of the following is not a type of RNA?
A. mRNA
B. rRNA
C. tRNA
D. qRNA
39. Most human somatic cells have ____pairs of chromosomes.
A. 20
B. 23
C. 40
D. 46
40. Given the triplet ATG on the coding strand of DNA, the corresponding triplet in mRNA would be,
A. TAC
B. ATG
C. AUG
D. UAC
41. Which of the following is/are not true of mitochondria?
A. they contain DNA similar to that of bacteria
B. they are important in the synthesis of ATP
C. they carry out anaerobic respiration
D. they are membranous organelles
E. All of the above
42. What do the golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, lysomes, and peroxisomes have in common?
A. they all contain ribosomes
B. they are all membranous organelles
C. they all synthesize proteins
D. they have nothing in common
43. ATP is use to pump sodium outside of the cell creating a concentration gradient for sodium. Sodium ions may flow down their gradient into the cell. If the sodium binds to a membrane carrier protein which then allows a glucose molecule across, this is an example of,
A. active transport
B. passive diffusion
C. secondary active transport
D. facilitated transport
44. Most of the ATP used to power cellular operations is produced in the,
A. ribosomes
B. endoplasmic reticulum
C. mitochondria
D. golgi apparatus
45. When activated, lysosomes function in,
A, formation of new cell membrane
B. synthesis of protein
C. digestion of foreign material
D. synthesis of lipids
46. Which of the following statements is not true regarding the conversion of ATP to ADP?
A. it would occur in active transport
B. energy is provided by this reaction
C. ATP is phosphorylated in this reaction
D. none of the above
47. Which of the following is not true regarding the cell membrane?
A. it consists of a phospholipid bilayer
B. it is a semi- permeable membrane
C. it can merge with intracellular membranous vesicles
D. it isolates the cytoplasm from the surrounding environment
E. none of the above
48. Which of the following is not found in the cell membrane?
A. transport proteins
B. phospholipids
C. mitochondria
D. receptors
E. more than one of the above
49. If a cell is placed in a solution with a concentration of solute greater than that of the cell, the solution is _______ and the movement of water will be _________.
A. hypotonic, out of the cell
B. hypertonic, out of the cell
C. hypotonic, into the cell
D. hypertonic, into the cell
50. Which of the following statements is not true regarding the genetic code?
A. a sequence of three nitrogenous bases specifies the identity of a specific amino acid
B. the number of amino acids encoded by a single gene is the same for all genes
C. the genetic code is first translated, and then transcribed
D. genes code for the construction of protein
E. more than one of the above
Matching
51. The layer of the epidermis that is dominated by dividing basal cells
52. The layer of the epidermis that contains melanocytes
53. The layer of the epidermis that contains Langerhans cells
54. The layer of skin containing mostly dead cells filled with keratin
55. Which of the following is not true regarding merocrine sweat glands?
E. All of the above are true
56. Projections that extend superficially between the epidermal ridges are called
57. Which of the following is not true of carotene?
58. . Which of the following is not true regarding melanin?
59. Which of the following is not true of UV radiation?
60. Which of the following is not something that hair, nails, and the stratum corneum have in common?